{ "id": 12973, "date": "2016-10-14T23:36:45", "date_gmt": "2016-10-15T03:36:45", "guid": { "rendered": "https:\/\/aptgadget.com\/?p=12973" }, "modified": "2016-10-15T12:12:42", "modified_gmt": "2016-10-15T16:12:42", "slug": "brain-implant-helps-restore-paralyzed-man-sense-touch", "status": "publish", "type": "post", "link": "https:\/\/www.aptgadget.com\/es\/brain-implant-helps-restore-paralyzed-man-sense-touch\/", "title": { "rendered": "Un implante cerebral ayuda a recuperar el sentido del tacto a un paral\u00edtico" }, "content": { "rendered": "

Un estudio realizado por investigadores de la Universidad de Pittsburgh ha mostrado avances incre\u00edbles para devolver el sentido del tacto a personas paralizadas. Cuando el sistema nervioso se da\u00f1a en el lugar adecuado, una persona pierde la capacidad de controlar gran parte de su cuerpo. Normalmente, el sistema nervioso se encarga de transmitir se\u00f1ales y cuando se da\u00f1a, a pesar de que el cerebro funcione a pleno rendimiento, la persona queda paralizada. Los cient\u00edficos han estado experimentando formas de sustituir las se\u00f1ales que faltan por otras artificiales. En la investigaci\u00f3n de la Universidad de Pittsburgh, los m\u00e9dicos han conseguido utilizar un implante cerebral para devolver el sentido del tacto a un hombre paralizado. La \u00fanica diferencia es que ahora siente con una mano rob\u00f3tica.<\/p>\n

Nathan Copeland, el sujeto del estudio, perdi\u00f3 toda la sensibilidad del brazo hacia abajo cuando sufri\u00f3 un accidente de coche hace 12 a\u00f1os. Su cerebro se manten\u00eda en perfecto estado, pero los nervios que transmiten se\u00f1ales al resto del cuerpo y desde \u00e9l resultaron da\u00f1ados. Los m\u00e9dicos consiguieron colocar electrodos dentro del cerebro de Copeland, creando una nueva v\u00eda para los impulsos el\u00e9ctricos asociados al sentido del tacto. Este experimento fue sensacional ya que antes todo intentos de restablecer las sensaciones t\u00e1ctiles <\/a>a trav\u00e9s de implantes cerebrales se han realizado en experimentos con animales o han utilizado electrodos muy grandes durante las operaciones existentes.<\/p>\n

Investigaciones anteriores ya han demostrado que es posible dar a las personas el control de un brazo rob\u00f3tico a trav\u00e9s de un enlace cerebral directo. Sin embargo, sin el sentido del tacto, el uso del miembro rob\u00f3tico requiere estar atento mientras se mueve e intenta coger cosas. Utilizando un brazo humano biol\u00f3gico est\u00e1ndar, los usuarios pueden sentir cu\u00e1ndo las yemas de sus dedos entran en contacto con algo que quieren coger y tambi\u00e9n saber cu\u00e1nta presi\u00f3n est\u00e1n ejerciendo sobre ello.<\/p>\n

Para hacer posible el sentido del tacto con un brazo rob\u00f3tico, los investigadores empezaron a monitorizar el cerebro de Copeland mediante una t\u00e9cnica no invasiva conocida como magnetoencefalograf\u00eda. La hip\u00f3tesis creada fue que algunas zonas del cerebro mostraban picos de actividad en ese momento, cuando se supon\u00eda que esas mismas zonas se iluminaban cuando tocaba algo con las manos. \u00c9sa es la zona en la que los investigadores implantaron los electrodos en el cerebro de Copeland. Cada vez que se enviaba un impulso el\u00e9ctrico a su cerebro a trav\u00e9s de los electrodos, Copeland experimentaba la misma sensaci\u00f3n que al tocar algo con las manos.<\/p>\n

A lo largo del estudio, los cient\u00edficos descubrieron que el implante cerebral evocaba sensaciones naturales de calor y presi\u00f3n en las manos de Copeland. Adem\u00e1s, determinaron que la sensaci\u00f3n se originaba en la palma de la mano y en la base de los cuatro dedos de la mano derecha.<\/p>\n

Por ahora, se trata de una gran prueba de concepto. La maquinaria de monitorizaci\u00f3n y las extremidades son a\u00fan demasiado caras y voluminosas para integrarlas en la vida de la gente. Adem\u00e1s, la implantaci\u00f3n de los electrodos requiere cirug\u00eda cerebral. Es posible que en el futuro se pueda abaratar el coste y desarrollar una forma menos invasiva de estimular el cerebro.<\/p>\n

Ver<\/a> Copeland utilizar el implante<\/p>\n

\u00a0Fuente<\/a><\/p>\n

Cr\u00e9dito de la imagen: livescience<\/p>\n

 <\/p>", "protected": false }, "excerpt": { "rendered": "

A study being conducted by researchers at the University of Pittsburgh has shown incredible progress to restoring a sense of touch to paralyzed individuals. Whenever the nervous system gets damaged in the right place, a person loses the ability to control much of their bodies. The Nervous system is normally responsible for transmitting signals and […]<\/p>", "protected": false }, "author": 23, "featured_media": 12980, "comment_status": "open", "ping_status": "open", "sticky": false, "template": "", "format": "standard", "meta": { "_acf_changed": false, "footnotes": "" }, "categories": [ 10 ], "tags": [], "class_list": [ "post-12973", "post", "type-post", "status-publish", "format-standard", "has-post-thumbnail", "hentry", "category-news" ], "acf": [], "yoast_head": "\nBrain Implant Helps to Restore a Paralyzed Man's Sense of Touch - AptGadget.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Scientist at the University of Pittsburgh have managed to restore a sense of touch to a paralyzed man through the use of a brain implant and a robotic arm.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aptgadget.com\/fr\/brain-implant-helps-restore-paralyzed-man-sense-touch\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Brain Implant Helps to Restore a Paralyzed Man's Sense of Touch - 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